Deux articles sur Michel Foucault sur la question de l'origine et la pensée critique

Les deux articles sont écrits par Vittorio Perego:


Il problema dell’origine in Foucault:

In the 1960s Foucault designed a work entitled The Thought of Origin. This article aims to show how the book was written in various publications. In fact, the theme of origin is present in Foucault since the first research and continues throughout the 1960s, always faced by relating Husserl and Nietzsche. This path, characterized by ruptures and second thoughts, presents a progressive distancing from the phenomenological matrix present in the Introduction to Traum und Existenz and in the History of Madness, in which Foucault is under the influence of Merleau-Ponty. Coming to share Derrida’s thesis of the impossibility of right to access the origin, but going beyond the textualism of deconstruction, Foucault shows how every discourse on the origin, not only is an anthropological dispositif, but also a typical configuration of the politics of truth, whose power games must be unmasked.

Struttura e genesi del pensiero critico in Michel Foucault:
One of the most recurring themes of the last phase of Michel Foucault’s Denkweg is the resumption of Kantian criticism. The aim of this essay is to reconstruct the genesis of this link between archeology analysis and critical thinking. Although Husserl’s phenomenology was thought of as the overcoming of the Kantism, Foucault endorsed some of the interpretations present in the French philosophical debate to recover the critical instance. In the Introduction to Anthropology from the pragmatic point of view of 1961 Foucault highlights the birth of homo criticus. The Kantian criticism is not accomplished in the identification of a Wesen of the human, but is configured as an attitude of resistance in the face of all knowledge that reduces man to a datum of fact. It is from this perspective that Foucault’s genealogical thinking revaluates the Aufklärung, understood as the ontology of actuality and the diagnosis of the present.

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“It is something to be able to paint a particular picture, or to carve a statue, and so to make a few objects beautiful, but it is more glorious to carve and paint the very atmosphere and medium through which we look, which morally we can do. To affect the quality of the day, that is the highest of arts. Every man is tasked to make his life, even in its details, worthy of the contemplation of his most elevated and critical hour.”
—Henry David Thoreau

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Books on Henry David Thoreau


Political thought of Henry David Thoreau : privatism and the practice of philosophy (Jonathan McKenzie)
This work provides a fresh interpretation of Henry Thoreau's political theory through a comprehensive interpretation of public and private writings. While recent critics have opened new vistas in Thoreau interpretation, little attention has been paid to Thoreau's journals and correspondence.

Henry David Thoreau and Nineteenth-Century Science (Robert M. Thorson)
"Let us settle ourselves, and work and wedge our feet downward," Thoreau invites his readers in Walden, "till we come to a hard bottom and rocks in place, which we can call reality." Walden's Shore explores Thoreau's understanding of that hard reality, not as metaphor but as physical science. Robert M. Thorson is interested in Thoreau the rock and mineral collector, interpreter of landscapes, and field scientist whose compass and measuring stick were as important to him as his plant press. At Walden's climax, Thoreau asks us to imagine a "living earth" upon which all animal and plant life is parasitic. This book examines Thoreau's understanding of the geodynamics of that living earth, and how his understanding informed the writing of Walden.

The story unfolds against the ferment of natural science in the nineteenth century, as Natural Theology gave way to modern secular science. That era saw one of the great blunders in the history of American science--the rejection of glacial theory. Thorson demonstrates just how close Thoreau came to discovering a "theory of everything" that could have explained most of the landscape he saw from the doorway of his cabin at Walden. At pivotal moments in his career, Thoreau encountered the work of the geologist Charles Lyell and that of his protégé Charles Darwin. Thorson concludes that the inevitable path of Thoreau's thought was descendental, not transcendental, as he worked his way downward through the complexity of life to its inorganic origin, the living rock.

The Routledge Guidebook to Thoreau’s Civil Disobedience. Routledge, 2015 (Bob Pepperman Taylor)
Since its publication in 1849, Henry David Thoreau’s Civil Disobedience has influenced protestors, activists and political thinkers all over the world. Including the full text of Thoreau’s essay, The Routledge Guidebook to Thoreau’s Civil Disobedience explores the context of his writing, analyses different interpretations of the text and considers how posthumous edits to Civil Disobedience have altered its intended meaning. It introduces the reader to:
• the context of Thoreau’s work and the background to his writing
• the significance of the references and allusions
• the contemporary reception of Thoreau’s essay
• the ongoing relevance of the work and a discussion of different perspectives on the work.

Providing a detailed analysis which closely examines Thoreau’s original work, this is an essential introduction for students of politics, philosophy and history, and all those seeking a full appreciation of this classic work.

The Language of the Senses: Sensory Perceptual Dynamics in Wordsworth, Coleridge, Thoreau, Whitman and Dickinson. Liverpool University Press, 1998 (Kerry McSweeney)
McSweeney discusses the sensory acuity that informs the finest achievements of Wordsworth, Coleridge, Thoreau, Whitman and Dickinson and which, when blunted by illness or age, contributes to an attenuation of their creative power. He supplies a ‘sensory profile’ or sensory history for each author and through close readings shows how this profile affected their relationship to the external world and their powers of symbolic perception.

Henry David Thoreau: A Life (Laura Dassow Walls)
Walls traces the full arc of Thoreau’s life, from his early days in the intellectual hothouse of Concord, when the American experiment still felt fresh and precarious, and “America was a family affair, earned by one generation and about to pass to the next.” By the time he died in 1862, at only forty-four years of age, Thoreau had witnessed the transformation of his world from a community of farmers and artisans into a bustling, interconnected commercial nation.

Nineteenth-Century Individualism and the Market Economy: Individualist Themes in Emerson, Thoreau, and Sumner. Palgrave Macmillan, 2018 (Luke Philip Plotica)
This book studies nineteenth-century American individualism and its relationship to the simultaneous rise of the market economy as articulated in the works of Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, and William Graham Sumner. The argument of the book is that these thinkers offer distinct visions of individualism that reflect their respective understandings of the market, and provide thoughtful and insightful perspectives upon the promise and peril of this economic and social order. Looking back to Emerson, Thoreau, and Sumner furnishes valuable insights about the history of American political and social thought, as well as about the complexity of one of the most basic and prevalent relationships of modern life: that between the individual and the institutional complex of the market.

Image: Roderick Maclver

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"All testing, all confirmation and disconfirmation of a hypothesis takes place already within a system. And this system is not a more or less arbitrary and doubtful point of departure for all our arguments; no it belongs to the essence of what we call an argument. The system is not so much the point of departure, as the element in which our arguments have their life."
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"Le poète ne retient pas ce qu’il découvre ; l’ayant transcrit, le perd bientôt. En cela réside sa nouveauté, son infini et son péril"

René Char, La Bibliothèque est en feu (1956)


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