Heidegger e Foucault, críticos da modernidade (Heidegger and Foucault, critics of modernity)

Heidegger and Foucault, critics of modernity: humanism, technics and biopolitics
André Duarte1

RESUMO
Discute-se o diagnóstico crítico da Modernidade proposto por Heidegger e Foucault enfatizando as suas continuidades. Em linhas gerais, pode-se afirmar que, em Heidegger, é a reflexão filosófica que se assume enquanto essencialmente histórica, ao passo que, para Foucault, é a investigação essencialmente histórica que assume o caráter de reflexão filosófica. No entanto, ainda que a partir de démarches teóricas distintas, ambos consideram que a compreensão a respeito de quem somos, hoje, depende de uma análise da constituição da modernidade como época histórica determinada pelo humanismo, isto é, pela concepção do homem como senhor da totalidade do ente (Heidegger) e pela concepção do homem como sujeito e objeto de relações de poder-saber (Foucault). Tal mutação epocal na concepção do humano foi decisiva para a liberação da revolução científica que culminou na técnica moderna e na biopolítica. Se, como afirma Foucault, a biopolítica é a política de nosso tempo, ou seja, de uma época que politizou o fenômeno da vida por meio de sua gestão técnico-administrativa, então a técnica moderna, que implica a concepção do homem como sujeito assujeitado pela tecnologia, constitui a instância por meio da qual a vida humana pode ser simultaneamente produzida e aniquilada por meios científicos.
Palavras-chave: Foucault; Heidegger; modernidade; humanismo; técnica moderna; biopolítica.

ABSTRACT
I intend to discuss Foucault's and Heidegger's critical diagnosis of Modernity emphasizing its continuities. Generally speaking, it is possible to argue that in Heidegger philosophical reflection assumes itself as essentially historical, while in Foucault's case historical investigation assumes itself as an essentially philosophical task. Although recognizing the differences between Foucault's and Heidegger's general theoretical approaches, I argue that both consider that, in order to understand who we are today, it is necessary to elaborate a critical understanding of Modernity. In both cases, Modernity is viewed as a historical epoch characterized by humanism, i.e., by the projection of human beings as 'master' of all beings (Heidegger) and as subject and object of power-knowledge relationships (Foucault). This epocal mutation in the way man is conceived was decisive in order to liberate the modern scientific revolution that later culminated in modern technology and in biopolitics. If, as Foucault says, biopolitics is the politics of our time, i.e., of an epoch that has politicized life by means of the calculated administration of all phenomena of life-population, then modern technique, which implies the conception of man as the subjected-subject of technology, constitutes the instance by which human life can be protected, promoted, generated, as well as destroyed and discarded.
Keywords: Foucault; Heidegger; Modernity; humanism; modern technology; biopolitics.

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Dov M. Gabbay, John Woods “Mediaeval and Renaissance Logic, Volume 2″

Dov M. Gabbay, John Woods “Mediaeval and Renaissance Logic, Volume 2″
North Holland | 2008-03-25 | ISBN: 0444516255 | 728 pages | PDF | 4 Mb
Medieval and Renaissance Logic is an indispensable research tool for anyone interested in the development of logic, including researchers, graduate and senior undergraduate students in logic, history of logic, mathematics, history of mathematics, computer science and AI, linguistics, cognitive science, argumentation theory, philosophy, and the history of ideas.
- Provides detailed and comprehensive chapters covering the entire range of modal logic
- Contains the latest scholarly discoveries and interpretative insights that answer many questions in the field of logic

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Descartes, by Frans Hals, and with a little bit more

A imagem “http://www.gilsoncamargo.com.br/blog/uploads/2008/04/descartes_gif_luciodearaujo.gif” contém erros e não pode ser exibida.
from here

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Giovanni Casertano: A cidade, o verdadeiro e o falso em Parmênides

CASERTANO, Giovanni. A cidade, o verdadeiro e o falso em Parmênides. Kriterion, jul./dez. 2007, vol.48, no.116, p.307-327. ISSN 0100-512X.
Resumo
Part of the late 19th century philosophical historiography attempts to renew the image of Parmenides of Elea, consolidated by tradition as an isolated, strange and venerable philosopher of immobilism, recovering the intimate relations he had with the cultural demands of his time. The purpose of this article is to reconnect Parmenides with his time by presenting the lively thought of a man who was not only a philosopher but also a scientist and a politician of great relevance.
Palavras-chave : Parmenides of Elea; History of Ancient Philosophy; Pre-Socratic Philosophy.
Abstract
Part of the late 19th century philosophical historiography attempts to renew the image of Parmenides of Elea, consolidated by tradition as an isolated, strange and venerable philosopher of immobilism, recovering the intimate relations he had with the cultural demands of his time. The purpose of this article is to reconnect Parmenides with his time by presenting the lively thought of a man who was not only a philosopher but also a scientist and a politician of great relevance. 

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John Marenbon - Early Medieval Philosophy (480-1150): An Introduction



John Marenbon “Early Medieval Philosophy (480-1150): An Introduction"
Routledge | 1988-07-11 | ISBN: 041500070X | 216 pages | PDF | 1,1 Mb

Contents

Preface to the second edition vii
Preface xiii
Note on references xv
Part One The antique heritage 1
1 Platonism in the ancient world 3
Plato 4
From Platonism to Neoplatonism 6
Plotinus, Porphyry and Latin Neoplatonism 8
2 Neoplatonism and the Church Fathers 13
Augustine’s treatment of pagan philosophy 14
The Greek Christian Platonists 17
Iamblichus, Proclus and the pseudo-Dionysius 18
3 The antique logical tradition 20
Aristotle 20
Logic in late antiquity 23
4 Boethius 27
The treatises on the arts 28
The logical works 28
The ‘Opuscula sacra’ 35
The ‘Consolation of Philosophy’ 39
Part Two The beginnings of medieval philosophy 43
5 The earliest medieval philosophers 45
From Cassiodorus to Alcuin 45
The circle of Alcuin 48
6 Philosophy in the age of John Scottus Eriugena 53
Ratramnus of Corbie and Macarius the Irishman 53
John Scottus and the controversy on
predestination 55
John Scottus and the Greeks 58
The Periphyseon 60
7 The aftermath of Eriugena: philosophy at the
end of the ninth and the beginning of the
tenth century 71
The influence of Eriugena 71
The traditions of glosses to school texts 73
Remigius of Auxerre 78
8 Logic and scholarship in the tenth and earlier
eleventh century 80
Tenth-century logic 80
Antique philosophy and the Christian scholar 84
9 Logic and theology in the age of Anselm 90
Dialectic and its place in theology 90
Anselm 94
Anselm’s pupils and influence 104
Logic and grammar at the end of the eleventh
century 105
Part Three 1100–50 111
10 Masters and schools 113
11 The antique philosophical tradition:
scholarship, science and poetry 119
William of Conches 119
Minor cosmological works 124
Bernard Silvestris 125
12 Grammar and logic 128
Grammar 128
Logic 130
Abelard’s philosophy of logic 135
13 Theology 143
The varieties of theology 143
The ‘Opuscula sacra’ 145
Gilbert of Poitiers 148
14 Abelard and the beginnings of medieval ethics 157
Abbreviations 164
Bibliography 165
Primary works 165
Secondary works 174
Additional bibliography and notes 185
Index 192

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